Companies, trade, currencies and economic policy from Rabat to Muscat.
Foreigners can buy Egyptian stocks through local brokers with a passport, a tax file and a local custody arrangement. What the EGX30 measures, how accounts open, and where the currency risk actually sits.
Saudi Arabia charges 15 percent, the UAE, Bahrain and Oman charge 5, and Qatar and Kuwait charge nothing yet. How the GCC value-added framework landed unevenly across the six states.
Free zones sell 100 percent foreign ownership and bundled visas but restrict onshore trading; mainland licenses now allow full foreign ownership for most activities and direct access to the UAE market. How the trade-offs actually compute.
Foreign investors enter through an investment license from the Ministry of Investment, then a commercial registration, in a process that runs from days to a few weeks depending on activity. A step-by-step guide with the cost structure.